Design complete power systems, not isolated stages

Build multi-stage switch-mode power supplies with real parts, sophisticated loss and thermal models, and in-depth analysis.

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01 · THE SYSTEM

Stop designing stages in isolation.

The whole conversion chain lives on one canvas. A 48 V input feeds an intermediate bus, and the bus feeds two point-of-load stages. Every interface between them is checked for impedance interaction, so a converter that would destabilise its upstream filter shows up while the design is still on screen.

The whole conversion chain on one canvas

02 · THE STAGE

Open any stage down to the schematic.

Double-click a converter and it opens as a full schematic: the switches, gate drive, the LC filter, the feedback divider, and the compensator, laid out and wired. Here a 12 V input steps down to 3.3 V at 10 A. Every part you place flows back into the stage's power budget and its stability check.

A single buck stage opened as a schematic

03 · THE DESIGN SPACE

One operating point is a spot check.

Pick a parameter and sweep it. Every point on the curve is a full design solved end to end, with its own losses and stability verdict. Lower switching frequencies run more efficiently while higher ones shrink the magnetics, and at 300 kHz this system holds 80.8 percent at full load.

04 · THE PARTS

Every candidate, evaluated in your circuit.

The catalog holds real parts with models extracted from their datasheets, and each one is scored at your operating point. What matters is dissipation at that point: the lowest-loss switch here sits in the smallest footprint, and the demo part lands mid-pack at 4.9 W.

05 · THE MAGNETICS

Inductor design belongs inside the converter.

Choose a core and lay out the winding in the same tool that runs the stage. Copper loss and Steinmetz core loss land in the stage's power budget automatically, and the saturation check uses the actual peak current from the ripple analysis. The material choice moves the whole loss curve.

06 · THE WATTS

Know where every watt goes.

This system dissipates 8.88 W, and each of those watts has an address. Conduction, switching, gate-charge and output-capacitance losses are modelled with temperature dependence and attributed to the mechanism and the stage that produce them.

07 · THE HEAT

Junction temperature is a loop, so solve it like one.

Losses heat the junction. A hotter junction conducts worse, which raises the losses again. The thermal solver iterates that cycle until it settles, and attaching a heatsink re-solves the whole network. On this design it pulls the low-side FET from 153 °C down to 54 °C.

08 · THE LOOP

Phase margin you can defend in review.

The Bode plot comes from the loop gain of the parts you actually placed, through the modulator model and the compensator you tuned. This design closes its loop with 45 degrees of phase margin and 19.1 dB of gain margin, both marked on the plot.

09 · THE INTERACTION

Check that a stage survives its neighbours.

A converter's output impedance and its load's input impedance interact, and if they cross the wrong way the bus rings or oscillates. The Middlebrook criterion keeps the source impedance below the load impedance across frequency. This preview shows the two staying apart, with the tightest gap near the 30 kHz loop bandwidth.

Preview

10 · THE MARGIN

Prove the design holds across tolerances.

Real parts vary. A Monte-Carlo run walks every tolerance at once and shows where the output actually lands, so the design's margin is something you can see rather than hope for. This preview spreads the 12 V rail across the feedback tolerances against a ±5 percent window.